U.S. WARSHIPS ENTER DISPUTED WATERS OF SOUTH CHINA SEA AS TENSIONS WITH CHINA ESCALATE...
The move comes a war of words between the United States and China over the Corona virus pandemic intensifies. The South China Sea, one of the world’s busiest waterways, is subject to several overlapping territorial disputes involving China, Vietnam, the Philippines, Taiwan, Malaysia and Brunei. The conflict has remained unresolved for decades but has emerged as a flash point in China-US relations in Asia.
WHAT IS THE CONFLICT ABOUT ?
The Philippines, Vietnam, China, Brunei, Taiwan and Malaysia hold different, sometimes overlapping, territorial claims over the sea, based on various accounts of history and geography. China claims more than 80 per cent, while Vietnam claims sovereignty over the Paracel Islands and the Spratly Islands. China‘s “nine-dash line” is a geographical marker used to assert its claim. It stretches as far as 2,000 km from the Chinese mainland, reaching waters close to Indonesia and Malaysia.
WHY IS IT IMPORTANT ?
- The South China Sea is a key commercial thoroughfare connecting Asia with Europe and Africa, and its seabed is rich. with natural resources. One third of global shipping, or a total of US$3.37 trillion of international trade, passes through the South China Sea.
- About 80 per cent of China’s oil imports arrive via the Strait of Malacca, in Indonesia, and then sail across the South China Sea to reach China.
- The sea is also believed to contain major reserves of natural resources, such as natural gas and oil. The US Energy Information Administration estimates the area contains at least 11 billion barrels of oil and 190 trillion cubic feet of natural gas. Other estimates are as high as 22 billion barrels of oil and 290 trillion cubic feet of gas.
- The South China Sea also accounts for 10 per cent of the world’s fisheries, making it a key source of food for hundreds of millions of people.
WHAT ROLE DOES THE U.S. PLAY IN THE DISPUTE ?
- The US has wide-ranging security commitments in East Asia, and is allied with several of the countries bordering the South China Sea such as the Philippines, Singapore, Vietnam.
- Furthermore, the South China Sea is a vital trade route in the global supply chain, used by American companies who produce goods in the region.
RECENT U.S. MOVE...
- American warships have sailed into disputed water in the South China Sea, according to military analysts, heightening a standoff in the waterway and sharpening the rivalry between the United States and China, even as much of the world is in lockdown because of the corona virus.
- The America, an amphibious assault ship, and the Bunker Hill, a guided missile cruiser, entered contested waters off Malaysia. At the same time, a Chinese government ship in the area has for days been tailing a Malaysian state oil company ship carrying out exploratory drilling. Chinese and Australian warships have also powered into nearby waters, according to the defense experts.
- Despite working to control a pandemic that spread from China earlier this year, Beijing has not reduced its activities in the South China Sea, a strategic waterway through which one-third of global shipping flows. Instead, the Chinese government’s years long pattern of assertiveness has only intensified, military analysts said.
- “It’s a quite deliberate Chinese strategy to try to maximize what they perceive as being a moment of distraction and the reduced capability of the United States to pressure neighbors,” said Peter Jennings, a former Australian defense official who is the executive director of the Australian Strategic Policy Institute.
By - Shantanu Roy Kanjilal
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